What is Permanence? In sustainability (especially in carbon accounting and waste management), permanence  refers to how long a material, carbon storage method, or environmental impact remains stable without being reversed . In simple terms: It measures how long something lasts without breaking down, leaking, or being re‑released into the environment . Permanence matters because long‑lasting materials (or carbon storage methods) carry different risks : • Long permanence = go

In the ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) and sustainability context, CCS stands for Carbon Capture and Storage (also sometimes called Carbon Capture and Sequestration ). Definition: Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) refers to a suite of technologies designed to capture carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions produced from industrial processes or power generation, and then transport and store the CO₂ in a way that prevents it from entering the atmosphere —typically by i