Sustainability reporting has moved from a “nice-to-have” communications exercise to a board-level conversation about capital access, risk pricing, and strategic resilience. A timely new evidence base helps put numbers behind that shift. On 16 December 2025, GRI published a literature review titled From impact to income: How sustainability reporting affects the bottom line. Instead of relying on anecdotes, the report synthesizes findings from 30 peer‑reviewed empirical studies

GRI = Global Reporting Initiative It is an international, independent standards organization that helps companies and governments report their environmental, social, and governance (ESG) impacts in a transparent and comparable way. Short explanation: GRI provides globally recognized sustainability reporting standards that organizations use to disclose topics like carbon emissions, labor practices, human rights, waste, energy use, supply‑chain impact, and community effects.

Below is a high level & structured summary of the key reporting principles under the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKEX) Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Reporting Guide , which forms part of Appendix 27 (Main Board) and Appendix 20 (GEM) of the Listing Rules for listed companies. HKEX ESG Reporting Guide — Overview The ESG Reporting Guide sets out the disclosure framework for all listed issuers on the HKEX. It became mandatory to comply with “comply or explain” p