A carbon tax is a government charge placed on greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions , usually applied to fossil fuels based on their carbon content (e.g., per ton of CO₂e ). The policy goal is to raise the cost of emitting so companies and consumers shift to lower-carbon options, while generating public revenue that can be recycled through rebates, tax cuts, or climate spending. Carbon taxes typically work in two ways: Upstream fuel tax : levied on coal/oil/gas producers or import

What CBAM is (professional definition) The EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is a carbon-pricing policy that applies to certain imports into the European Union , intended to reflect the carbon cost that EU producers already face under the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) . Put simply, CBAM requires EU importers (and, indirectly, their non‑EU suppliers) to report embedded greenhouse gas emissions in covered goods and, over time, pay a charge via CBAM certificate

Geoengineering refers to large‑scale, intentional technological interventions designed to modify the Earth’s climate system in order to reduce global warming or offset the impacts of climate change. Two main types, SRM & CDR: Type 1: Solar Radiation Management (SRM) Goal: Reflect a small portion of sunlight away from Earth back into space so the planet cools. Examples: • Stratospheric aerosol injection – spraying tiny reflective particles into the upper atmosphere. • Mar